IEC61730-2

10.15 Temperature test MST 21?溫度(du)測試(shi)

10.15.1 Purpose目的

This temperature test is designed to determine the maximum reference temperatures for

various components and materials used to construct the PV module, in order to verify the

suitability of their use.

溫度測試的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)是確定(ding)由不同(tong)部件和材料生(sheng)產的(de)(de)PV組件最(zui)大標準溫度，以驗證它(ta)們使(shi)用的(de)(de)適(shi)宜性(xing)。

The test can be performed under natural sunlight or by use of a solar simulator with a cold

sky.

該(gai)實驗可以在自然光下或(huo)含有冷天空的日光模擬(ni)器(qi)下進(jin)行。

10.15.2 Outdoor method?戶(hu)外方(fang)法

10.15.2.1 Test apparatus測試裝置

?? A black painted platform constructed of a suitable wooden plate that has sufficient

mechanical strength to avoid warping under temperature influence. Behind the board a

thermal insulation with a U value of less than 0,5 W/(m?K) shall be placed.

用合適的(de)木(mu)板建造的(de)黑(hei)色油漆平臺，有足夠(gou)的(de)機械強度(du)避免在(zai)溫度(du)影響下(xia)翹曲。在(zai)平板后面(mian)應(ying)放置一個U值小于(yu)0.5 W保(bao)溫/（m?K）的(de)熱絕緣(yuan)體。

?? A pyranometer or PV reference device conforming to IEC 60904-2 mounted in the plane of

the structure within 30 cm of the test PV module.

符合IEC 60904-2的輻照(zhao)計或PV標準(zhun)電池安(an)裝在平板上(shang)，距測試(shi)PV組(zu)件30厘米內。

?? Instruments to measure wind speed down to 0,25 m/s installed approximately 0,7 m above

the top of the platform.測量風速的(de)儀表安裝在平臺頂部上方0.7米處，風速小于0,25 m/s

?? An environmental temperature sensor, with a time constant equal to, or less than, that of

the PV module, installed in a shaded enclosure with good ventilation. The sensor shall be

placed left or right of the platform so that no thermal interference can occur.

一(yi)個安裝在通風良好的遮擋外殼里的環境溫度傳(chuan)感(gan)器，，其(qi)時間常數等于或(huo)小于

PV組件(jian)。傳感(gan)器應放置在平臺的左(zuo)邊或右(you)邊，這樣就(jiu)不會發生熱干擾.。

?? A temperature monitoring system capable of measuring PV module component

temperatures with accuracy of ±2 K.

一種可測量(liang)PV組件(jian)的溫度(du)監測系統(tong)，溫度(du)精度(du)為±2 K

?? A data acquisition system capable of recording the parameters within an interval of no

more than 5 s.

能(neng)夠在間隔時間小于5秒內(nei)記錄參數(shu)的(de)數(shu)據采(cai)集系(xi)統。

?? Maximum power point tracking device or a resistive load sized such that at STC the PV

module operates near the maximum power point.

最大功率(lv)點跟(gen)蹤裝置(zhi)或負載電阻(zu)，以使(shi)PV組(zu)件在STC下工作在最大功率(lv)點附近。

10.15.2.2 Procedure?程序

The PV module under test shall be mounted sunny-side-up onto the black painted platform in

accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. If the instructions offer more than

one option, the option providing the worst-case thermal conditions shall be used. If no

indications have been provided for spacing, the test PV module shall be mounted horizontally

and directly flat on the platform without spacing.

根據制造商的安裝說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)，被測(ce)試(shi)(shi)光伏組(zu)件需要光照的一面朝上(shang)安裝在上(shang)黑色油漆平臺(tai)。如果(guo)說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)提供超過一個(ge)選項，應使用(yong)提供最壞情況下的熱工況的選項。如果(guo)沒有提供間(jian)距說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)，測(ce)試(shi)(shi)PV組(zu)件應水平安裝并直接平放(fang)在平臺(tai)上(shang)，無(wu)間(jian)距。

The black painted side of the wooden platform shall face the test sample and the platform

shall extend at least 60 cm beyond the PV module on all sides unless the PV module is

installed directly next to other PV modules of similar dimensions.

木(mu)制平板涂黑色(se)漆一面(mian)應(ying)面(mian)向試件(jian)并且平板的(de)四邊(bian)應(ying)比(bi)光伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)延長至(zhi)少60厘米以上，除非光伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)直接安裝(zhuang)在其他類似尺寸(cun)的(de)光伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)旁邊(bian)。

The PV module under test shall be connected to the resistive load or maximum power point

tracking device.?被試光伏組件應(ying)接最大功(gong)率點跟蹤裝置或負載(zai)電阻。

Throughout the test the following parameters shall be monitored:在整個實驗過程(cheng)中，應監測如下參數：

?? temperatures of PV module components and materials, as listed below;

? ?光伏組件部件和(he)材料(liao)溫度，如(ru)下面所(suo)列

?? environmental temperature;

? ?環境溫度

?? irradiance;

? ?輻射強度

?? wind speed.

? ?風速

The environmental temperature during the test may be in the range of 20 °C to 45 °C. The

irradiance during the test shall be between 700 W/m 2 and 1 000 W/m 2.

試驗過(guo)程中，環境溫度范(fan)圍20 °C to 45 °C，輻照強度范(fan)圍700 W/m 2 -1 000 W/m 2.

–?28 – ?IEC 61730-2:2016 ? IEC 2016

If the irradiance is other than 1 000 W/m², take at least two measurements at other irradiance

levels (at least 80 W/m^2?apart) and then make a quadratic extrapolation to determine the

corrected module temperature at 1 000 W/m² irradiance.

如果輻照度不是1 000 W/m²，至少在其他兩個輻照度下測量（至少相隔80 W /m²），然后做一個二次外推法，以確定校正在1000 W /米²輻照度組件溫度。

It is permissible to reposition (track) the test platform to maintain a consistent irradiance level

throughout the test.

整個測試過程(cheng)中，為了維(wei)持一(yi)致的(de)輻照水平，可以重(zhong)新定位（跟(gen)蹤）測試平臺。

All data shall be taken at wind-speeds of less than 1 m/s.

所有(you)數據的采集應在風速小于1 m/s.的條件下(xia)

Stabilised temperature data for each test location shall be collected. Thermal stability has

been attained when three successive averaged values, taken 5 min apart, indicate a change

in temperatures of less than ± 2 K. Averaged values in this context are calculated from the

readings taken over a 1 min interval.

應收集每個(ge)測試(shi)位置穩(wen)定的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度數據。獲(huo)得熱穩(wen)定性指三個(ge)連續的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度平(ping)(ping)均值小于(yu)±2 K，采集間(jian)隔(ge)5分鐘，在此文中(zhong)的(de)平(ping)(ping)均值是(shi)計算的(de)超過1分鐘的(de)時(shi)間(jian)間(jian)隔(ge)的(de)讀數。

The measured component temperatures (T OBS ) shall be normalised by the addition of the

difference between the 40 °C reference environmental temperature and the measured

environmental temperature (T ENV ) according to the formula:

通過增加標準環境溫度（40°C）與實測環境溫度（t env）差值使測量元件的溫度（T OBS）恢復到標稱溫度，根據公式：T_CON=T_?OBS?+?（40 °C- T_?ENV )

where T CON is the normalised temperature. T_CON是標稱溫度。

If an unacceptable performance is encountered during the temperature test and the

performance is attributed to a test condition that although within the limits specified may be

considered more severe than necessary – for example an ambient temperature near the limits

allowed – the test may be conducted under conditions closer to the norm.

如(ru)果在溫(wen)度測試(shi)過程(cheng)中遇到不(bu)可接受的(de)(de)性能，而該(gai)性能歸因(yin)于(yu)一個測試(shi)條(tiao)件(jian)，雖然測試(shi)條(tiao)件(jian)在規(gui)定的(de)(de)范圍內，但可能比必要的(de)(de)更苛刻——例如(ru)環境溫(wen)度在允許的(de)(de)極限(xian)附近——測試(shi)應在比較接近標準的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下進行。

Typical component measurement points shall include:

典型部件測試點應包(bao)含：

?? PV module frontsheet above the centre cell, if non-glass (possible shading of cells by

temperature sensor shall be avoided as much as possible).

? ?光伏組(zu)件中心(xin)電(dian)池片上方的前板，如(ru)果非玻（盡可能避免(mian)溫(wen)度傳感器遮擋電(dian)池片產生陰影(ying)的可能）

?? PV module backsheet below the centre cell.

? ?光伏組件中心電(dian)池片下方背(bei)板(ban)

?? Terminal enclosure interior surface.

? ?邊緣外殼內表(biao)面

?? Field wiring terminals.

? ?現場接線終端

?? Insulation of the field wiring leads.

? ?現場(chang)布線引線絕(jue)緣端

?? External connector bodies (if applicable).

? ?外部連接器（如適用(yong)）

?? Bypass diode bodies (if applicable).

? ?旁路(lu)二極(ji)管（如適用）

Due to the many possible variations in construction, more than one data gathering point for

each cited location may be used, at the discretion of the test laboratory.

由(you)于結構的多樣性,?每個(ge)(ge)測試部分(fen)可(ke)能使用多個(ge)(ge)數據采(cai)集點,?這由(you)測試實(shi)驗室自主判(pan)定。

10.15.3 Solar simulator method?太(tai)陽模(mo)擬器(qi)方法(fa)

10.15.3.1 Test apparatus測試裝置(zhi)

?? A continuous source sun simulator class BBC or better according to IEC 60904-9 shining

from top to the horizontally mounted test platform with an average irradiance of

1 000 W/m 2 in the area of testing (PV module area plus 20 cm surrounding the PV

module).

??依據IEC60904-9的BBC等級穩態太陽模擬器或更好，光從上照射到測試平面，測試平面為光伏組件四邊延長20cm，平均輻照強度為1 000 W/m²

?? Reference cell to measure the irradiance in the test plane.

? ?用標準電池測測試(shi)平面的輻(fu)照強度

?? Cold sky to avoid heat from the light source influencing the test results.

? ?用冷天空來(lai)消除光源對測試結果的(de)影響

?? A black painted test platform parallel to the light source which has sufficient mechanical

strength to avoid warping under temperature influence.

? ?平行(xing)光源(yuan)放(fang)置的黑(hei)色平板(ban)要有足夠(gou)的機械強度，以(yi)避(bi)免因溫度影響而彎曲。

?? Means for mounting the test PV module directly flat to the test platform.

??將測(ce)試PV組件直接安(an)裝到測(ce)試平臺上的裝置。

?

IEC 61730-2:2016 ? IEC 2016 ?– 29 –

?? A handheld anemometer to ensure a wind speed during the test of

wind speed will be close to 0 m/s during the test.

? ?一個手持式(shi)風速計(ji)，確(que)保測(ce)試(shi)過程中風速小于；一般情況下(xia)，測(ce)試(shi)過程中風速接近(jin)0 m/s

?? An air temperature sensor, with a time constant equal to, or less than, that of the PV

module, installed in a shaded enclosure with good ventilation. The sensor shall be placed

left or right of the platform so that no thermal interference can occur.

? ?一個安裝(zhuang)在通(tong)風良好的遮擋外(wai)殼(ke)里的環境溫(wen)度傳感器，，其時間(jian)常數等于(yu)或小于(yu)

PV組件。傳感(gan)器(qi)應(ying)放(fang)置在平臺的左邊或(huo)右邊，這樣就不會發生(sheng)熱(re)干擾.。

?? A temperature monitoring system capable of measuring PV module component

temperatures with an accuracy of ± 2 K.

? ?一種可測量PV組件的溫(wen)度(du)監測系統(tong)，溫(wen)度(du)精度(du)為±2 K

?? A data acquisition system capable of recording the parameters within an interval of no

more than 5 s.

能夠在間(jian)隔時間(jian)小(xiao)于5秒內記錄參數的數據(ju)采集系統。

?? Maximum power point tracking device or a resistive load sized such that at STC the PV

module operates near the maximum power point.

最(zui)大功率點(dian)(dian)跟蹤(zong)裝置或負載(zai)電阻，以使(shi)PV組件在(zai)STC下工作在(zai)最(zui)大功率點(dian)(dian)附近。

?

10.15.3.2 Procedure

The PV module under test shall be mounted sunny-side-up onto the black painted platform in

accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. If the instructions offer more than

one option, the option providing the worst-case thermal conditions shall be used. If no

indications have been provided for spacing, the test PV module shall be mounted horizontally

and directly flat to the platform without spacing.

根(gen)據制造商的安(an)裝說明(ming)，被測試光(guang)伏(fu)組件需(xu)要(yao)光(guang)照(zhao)的一面朝上安(an)裝在上黑色油(you)漆(qi)平(ping)臺。如果說明(ming)提(ti)(ti)供超(chao)過一個選項，應使(shi)用提(ti)(ti)供最壞情(qing)況(kuang)下的熱工(gong)況(kuang)的選項。如果沒有提(ti)(ti)供間距說明(ming)，測試PV組件應水平(ping)安(an)裝并直接平(ping)放在平(ping)臺上，無(wu)間距。

The black painted test area shall face the test sample and the platform shall extend at least

60 cm beyond the PV module on all sides unless the PV module is installed directly next to

other PV modules of similar dimensions.?木制平(ping)板涂黑色(se)漆一面應(ying)面向試(shi)件(jian)并(bing)且平(ping)板的四邊(bian)應(ying)比光(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)延長至少60厘米(mi)以上，除非光(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)直接安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)其他類似尺寸的光(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)旁(pang)邊(bian)。

The PV module under test shall be connected to the resistive load or maximum power point

tracking device.?被試光伏組件(jian)應接最大功率點(dian)跟蹤裝置或負載電阻。

Throughout the test the following parameters shall be monitored:在整個實驗過程中(zhong)，應監測如下參(can)數：

?? temperatures of PV module components and materials, as listed below;

? ?光(guang)伏組件部件和材料(liao)溫度，如下面(mian)所列(lie)

?? environmental temperature;

? ?環境溫度

?? irradiance;

? ?輻射強度

?? wind speed, if required (during the test the wind speed is typically close to 0 m/s).

? ?風速，如果(guo)需要（一般情況下，測試過程中風速接近0 m/s）

The air temperature during the test shall be maintained within ± 3 K (the cold sky will ensure

that the air in the simulator test room is not heating up).

測試過程中，環境溫度(du)應維持在(zai)± 3 K內(nei)（冷天(tian)空將(jiang)確保模擬器試驗(yan)箱內(nei)空氣溫度(du)不會被加熱(re)）

Stabilised temperature data for each test location shall be collected. Thermal stability has

been attained when three successive averaged values, taken 5 min apart, indicate a change

in temperatures of less than ± 2 K. Averaged values in this context are calculated from the

readings taken over a 5 min interval.

應(ying)收集每個測試位置穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度數(shu)據(ju)。獲得熱穩(wen)定性指三個連續的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度平均值小于±2 K，采集間(jian)隔(ge)5分鐘，在此文中的(de)(de)(de)(de)平均值是計算的(de)(de)(de)(de)超過(guo)5分鐘的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)間(jian)隔(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)讀數(shu)。

The measured component temperatures (T OBS ) shall be normalised by the addition of the

difference between the 40 °C reference environmental temperature and the measured

environmental temperature (T ENV ) according to the formula:

通過增加標準環境溫度（40°C）與實測環境溫度（t env）差值使測量元件的溫度（T OBS）恢復到標稱溫度，根據公式：T_CON=T_?OBS?+?（40 °C- T_?ENV )

where T CON is the normalised temperature. T_CON是標稱溫度。

If an unacceptable performance is encountered during the temperature test and the

performance is attributed to a test condition that although within the limits specified may be

considered more severe than necessary – for example an ambient temperature near the limits

allowed – the test may be conducted under conditions closer to the norm.

如果在溫度測試(shi)過程中遇到不(bu)可(ke)接(jie)受的(de)性能，而該性能歸因于一個測試(shi)條件，雖然測試(shi)條件在規(gui)定的(de)范(fan)圍內，但可(ke)能比(bi)必(bi)要的(de)更(geng)苛刻(ke)——例如環境溫度在允許的(de)極限附近——測試(shi)應在比(bi)較接(jie)近標(biao)準的(de)條件下(xia)進行。

Typical component measurement points shall include:

典型部件測試點(dian)應包含：

?? PV module frontsheet above the centre cell, if non-glass (possible shading of cells by

temperature sensor shall be avoided as much as possible).

? ?光伏組(zu)件中心電池(chi)片(pian)上方的(de)前板，如(ru)果非玻(bo)（盡可(ke)能避免溫度傳(chuan)感器(qi)遮擋電池(chi)片(pian)產生陰影的(de)可(ke)能）

?? PV module backsheet below the centre cell.

? ?光伏組(zu)件中心電池片下方(fang)背板

?? Terminal enclosure interior surface.

? ?邊(bian)緣外殼內表面

?? Field wiring terminals.

? ?現場接線終端

?? Insulation of the field wiring leads.

? ?現(xian)場(chang)布線(xian)引(yin)線(xian)絕緣(yuan)端(duan)

?? External connector bodies (if applicable).

? ?外部連接(jie)器（如適用）

?? Bypass diode bodies (if applicable).

? ?旁路二極(ji)管(guan)（如適用）

Due to the many possible variations in construction, more than one data gathering point for

each cited location may be used, at the discretion of the test laboratory.

由于結構的多樣性,?每(mei)個測試(shi)部分可能(neng)使用多個數據采集點,?這由測試(shi)實驗室自(zi)主判定(ding)。

10.15.4 Pass criteria?通過標準

The pass criteria are as follows:?通過(guo)標(biao)準如下：

a) No measured temperatures exceed any of the applicable temperature limits (e.g.

TI/RTE/RTI) of surfaces, materials, or components. Thermal material requirements are

given in 5.5 of IEC 61730-1:2016.

??測(ce)量的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)沒(mei)有超過任何表(biao)面，材料或部件適(shi)用(yong)的(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)極限（如TI/RTE/RTI），散(san)熱材料要求依據(ju)5.5 of IEC 61730-1:2016

b) No visual defects as defined in MST 01.

??依據MST 01.，沒有可視的缺陷

c) MST 16, MST 17 shall meet the same requirements as for the initial measurements.

IEC 61730-1 requires reporting of the maximum measured operating temperature as

determined by this test method.

? MST 16, MST 17要滿足相同的最(zui)(zui)初測(ce)量(liang)要求。IEC 61730-1要求記錄又測(ce)量(liang)方法(fa)決(jue)定(ding)的最(zui)(zui)大測(ce)量(liang)工(gong)作溫度。